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VOL. 11, ISSUE 2 (2026)
Factors influencing dietary diversity among women in two upazilla of Chattogram, Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study
Authors
Tapash Kumar Bhowmik, Minhajur Rahman, Md. Abul Kashem, Sujan Rudra, Pratik Mazumder, Mehebub Hossain, Tahmina Jahin, Shrabonti Mozumder
Abstract

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the variability in consumption patterns across various food groups among women and to identify socio-demographic factors associated with achieving recommended levels of dietary diversity. Using a 24-hour dietary recall method, the analysis revealed differing consumption levels among food groups. Among the participants, 99.75% primarily consumed grains, white roots, tubers, and plantains, 77.28% reported consuming pulses (beans, peas), while 80.74% consumed oils, lipids, and nuts/seeds. Consumption of dairy, milk, and milk products was reported by 56.27% of women, meat, poultry, and fish by 69.14%, and eggs by 46.2% of respondents. In the vegetable category, 69.14% consumed dark green leafy vegetables (DGLV), 47.16% other vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables, and 83.46% other types of vegetables. Additionally, 56.05% of women included other fruits in their diets.

No significant age-related differences were observed in achieving recommended dietary diversity levels (p = 0.668). However, women aged 25 to 35 exhibited the highest percentage (28.6%) of meeting minimal nutritional diversity. Marital status (p = 0.037), educational attainment (p = 0.014), pregnancy status (p = 0.021), and annual income (p = 0.041) demonstrated statistically significant associations with dietary diversity. Notably, unmarried individuals displayed an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 1.385 (95% CI: 0.346-5.544, p=0.044) compared to ever-married counterparts. Those with primary school education exhibited a higher AOR (2.065; 95% CI: 1.054-4.044; p=0.035) than those without formal education (AOR: 1.000; 95% CI: 1.351-3.262; p=0.042). Pregnant women demonstrated a lower AOR (0.345; 95% CI, 0.134 to 0.89) than non-pregnant women (p=0.028). Furthermore, participants with a "40 and above" income displayed a greater AOR of 1.185 (95% CI: 0.632 - 2.221, p=0.047) for meeting recommended dietary variety.
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Pages:244-249
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66856/ijfsn.2026.11.2.11091
How to cite this article:
Tapash Kumar Bhowmik, Minhajur Rahman, Md. Abul Kashem, Sujan Rudra, Pratik Mazumder, Mehebub Hossain, Tahmina Jahin, Shrabonti Mozumder "Factors influencing dietary diversity among women in two upazilla of Chattogram, Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study". International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition, Vol 11, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 244-249
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