Background: Anaemia remains a major public health concern in Burkina Faso. particularly among malnourished children. Despite its widespread impact. limited research has explored its prevalence and associated factors in this vulnerable group. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia and identify contributing factors among malnourished children aged 6 to 59 months prior to any nutritional intervention.

Method: A prospective study was conducted from February to March 2021 involving 139 systematically recruited children at Saint Camille Hospital in Ouagadougou. Data collection included structured questionnaires and blood sampling. Anthropometric measurements and statistical analyses were performed using ENA and SPSS software.

Results: The prevalence of anaemia was 73.4%. Significant associated factors included low maternal education (p=0.046). father's occupation (p=0.017). underweight status (p=0.001). acute malnutrition (p=0.043). and low dietary diversity score (p=0.021).