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VOL. 9, ISSUE 4 (2024)
Prospective values and applications of durian (Durio spp.) Shell waste in various industries and its potential in the development of pharmaceutical products: A review
Authors
Anh N Nguyen, Phuc N T Le, An D X Nguyen, Uyen P Le, Phu H Le
Abstract
The objective of this study was to review the
potential value and current applications of durian shell waste worldwide. Durian fruit, known
for its unique flavor, has been a strategic target
for agriculture and export in several countries across the SouthEast Asia, with
600,000 tons of anual production and 1,000,000 tons at its peak in 2021.
However, the durian market also produces a significant
amount of agricultural waste, particularly from its tough and
spiky shell, which constitutes nearly 60-70% of the fruit's weight. Especially
in durian-producing countries like Thailand, Vietnam,
Malaysia, and Indonesia. Although they are traditionally discarded after the fruit is consumed, durian shells have gained huge attention
in recent years for their potential utilization
in sustainable development of both value-added
products and by-products. The methods used were reviewing, analyzing, and discussing recent
publications from the literature during the period of 2014-2024. The results
highlighted the awareness and importance, both regarding research and industry,
of the high possibility in utilization of durian shell for various industries,
e.g. pharmaceuticals, food, agriculture, in commercialization of potential
value-added products from its waste, and in solving of environmental issues. In
addition, this review also cited the standing state of this field, which only
stay at laboratory research without exploring further into pilot and production
scales. Their richness in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin has
been explored as eco-friendly alternatives for various industries. Recent
research have uncovered various innovative applications for durian shells, thus transforming
them into valuable resources. It has been suggested
scientifically as an alternative component for ingredient substitution in the
food industry, or as water filtration systems due to its ability to produce high-quality
activated carbon with excellent adsorption properties. Additionally, the durian
shell's cellulose content allows it
to produce bioplastics and eco-friendly packaging. Further applications include
its use in soil enhancers, fertilizers, green
nanocomposites, and as a raw ingredient in the
production of antimicrobial agents. Moreover, durian shell is abundant in
bioactive compounds, e.g. polyphenols, flavonoids,
and tannins. These compounds exhibit antioxidant properties, which can be
harnessed by various extraction methods for creating health supplements, functional
food ingredients, or even cosmestics. The contribution of
the study is the shedding of light on these innovative uses, researchers are paving the way for a
circular economy in durian-producing regions.
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Pages:29-34
How to cite this article:
Anh N Nguyen, Phuc N T Le, An D X Nguyen, Uyen P Le, Phu H Le "Prospective values and applications of durian (<i>Durio</i> spp.) Shell waste in various industries and its potential in the development of pharmaceutical products: A review". International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition, Vol 9, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 29-34
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