Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are becoming more critical global public health and development challenges. The study aimed to evaluate the socio-demographic factors, nutritional parameters, and anthropometric profiles in relation to nutritional interventions for Women Living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHA) in Bauchi State, Nigeria.

Methodology: A randomized block design was employed, with participants randomized into four groups: Nutrition Education (NE), Nutrition Education and Supplementary Feeding (NS), Supplementary Feeding (SF), and Control. The study population comprised HIV-positive women receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). Sampling techniques involved a multistage approach, with interventions tailored to individual groups. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and measuring tools, covering identification, socio-demographics, and anthropometric measurements using the 2006 WHO standards. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.0.

Results: The study included 426 participants, with 25.4% aged 18-25 years and 30.8% having secondary education. Only 27.5% earned above N50,000 monthly. Most participants (98.6%) had a low-risk waist circumference (<80 cm), but 57.0% showed severe malnutrition (MUAC <22.0 cm). Mean weight was similar across groups, around 64.0±12.5 kg (p = 0.905), and height was consistent at 1.59±0.342 meters (p = 0.849). Hip circumference means ranged between 75.80 cm and 76.54 cm (p = 0.961). BMI showed 35.9% with normal weight, 34.5% underweight, and 14.1% overweight. Waist-hip ratio means ranged from 0.81 to 0.85 (p = 0.142). Significant differences were found in waist circumference (p = 0.001) and MUAC (p = 0.011), indicating changes in body composition and muscle or fat mass, while hip circumference (p = 0.208) and waist-hip ratio (p = 0.373) showed no significant changes.